Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2)
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In this blog, we will cover all the basics of AWS EC2 which you all should know in order to start using AWS EC2.
Compute services are the backbone that powers most web-based applications. Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) is the foundation that many other Amazon Web Services (AWS) offerings are built upon.
Amazon EC2 offers over 500 instance types. You can choose the latest processor, storage, networking, and operating system to help you match the needs of your workload. Because there are so many options and customizations to choose it becomes difficult to decide an instance type and configuration for their application workloads.
Instance types
An EC2 instance is a virtual machine (VM) that runs in the AWS Cloud. When you launch an instance, you decide on the virtual hardware configuration by choosing an instance type. The instance type that you choose determines the hardware of the host computer used for your instance. Each instance type offers different compute, memory, and storage capabilities, and is grouped into an instance family based on these capabilities.
An instance is a VM. An instance type is the combination of virtual hardware components, such as CPU and memory, that make up the instance.
Instance types are grouped together into instance families. Each instance family is optimized for specific types of use cases.
Instance families have sub-families, which are grouped according to the combination of processer and storage used.
A virtual central processing unit (vCPU) is a measure of processing ability. For most instance types, a vCPU represents one thread of the underling physical CPU core. For example, if an instance type has two CPU cores and two threads per core, it will have four vCPUs.
The AWS instances are currently categorized into five distinct families. To learn more, expand each of the following five categories.
General purpose
General purpose instances provide a balance of compute, memory, and networking resources and can be used for a wide range of workloads. These instances are ideal for applications that use these resources in equal proportions, such as web servers and code repositories.
Burstable instance options: Many workloads are not busy all the time and do not require sustained CPU performance. Using a large instance for these low-to-moderate workloads leads to waste and unnecessary cost.
Compute-optimized
- Batch processing workloads
- Media transcoding
- High-performance web servers
- High-performance computing (HPC)
- Scientific modeling
- Dedicated gaming servers and ad server engines
- Machine learning (ML) inference
Memory-optimized
Memory-optimized instances are designed to deliver fast performance for workloads that process large data sets in memory.
Storage optimized
Accelerated computing
Accelerated computing instances use hardware accelerators, or co-processors, to perform some functions more efficiently than is possible in software running on CPUs. Examples of such functions include floating point number calculations, graphics processing, and data pattern matching. Accelerated computing instances facilitate more parallelism for higher throughput on compute-intensive workloads.
If you require high processing capability, you will benefit from using accelerated computing instances, which provide access to hardware-based compute accelerators such as graphics processing units (GPUs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or AWS Inferentia.
Decoding instance names
Instance names are a combination of the instance family, generation, and size. They can also indicate additional capabilities, such as specific processor type or optimized networking performance.
- m - The letter in the first position represents the instance family. In many cases you can remember this by what the letter represents.
- 5 - This number represents the generation of the processor
- z - It represents attributes and provide additional information about the instance capabilities.
- n - It provides additional information. Here it stands for network and indicates high throughput and low network latency.
- xlarge - It represents the size of the instance.
Instance sizing
Additional characteristics
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